In his review at DVD Beaver, Gary Tooze notes that the spine number of the Criterion box set containing three Roberto Rossellini masterpieces is 500, an appropriately auspicious number for such a beautifully conceived and produced set. It is "impossible to underestimate" the importance of these films, Dave Kehr rightly notes in his review of the set in the Arts & Leisure section of yesterday's Times. Dave's review is, as usual, exemplary in both its scholarship and critical acuity. And the supplemental materials included in the package itself, featuring documentaries, video essays, archival material featuring the director himself, and much, much more, are of such a uniformly perceptive and illuminating quality that one in my situation feels hard-pressed to come up with anything new to say. Still, one must endeavor to persevere, so here are some notes.
Watching the restored Rome, Open City, from 1945,I was struck by its two-part structure, and the way the first part recounts events taking place over a matter of days, while the second part's happenings are a matter of hours. It's true that this film presents what we've come to call neo-realism in an inchoate stage, but I found the tension between the film's florid melodramatic elements (most notably the "seduction" of Marina by the female Gestapo operative) and its jolts of no-nonsense frankness (the little boy on the chamber pot, the lambs to the slaughter) very telling.
The multi-episode Paisan is so inspired, and expansive, with such a generosity of perspective, that it seems a genuinely unprecedented piece of work. It's not for nothing that the writing credits cite eight people, one of them Klaus Mann, the son of novelist Thomas, who participated in the liberation of Italy as an American soldier. Among a lot of other things, the picture opens a window on the shifting attitudes of both liberator and liberated. To anyone who is inclined to boast, "We Americans really saved Europe's bacon in World War II," Paisan is a compelling "Yes, but." It is also almost unyielding in its despair. There's no savoring of victory; there's no victory even depicted. Struggles never end. The war is never over, not for the black G.I. who doesn't want to go home or for the little boy who steals that G.I.'s shoes. The final sequence, with American and British troops trying to help out partisans on the Po river as they go up against some dead-ender Nazis, is one of the most perfectly-realized war films ever made anywhere, a harrowingly concentrated work. All this and Harriet White, the unusual-featured American actress later to become an iconic Euro-horror figure thanks to Riccardo Freda and Mario Bava. It's quite unnerving to consider the fact that, up until this Criterion reconstruction, Paisan was for most intents and purposes a lost film.
And then there's Germany Year Zero, the shortest of the three films, and you want to talk about "harrowingly concentrated," well, yes, here you have it. A thoroughly fascinating document of a city in ruins and an incredibly potent parable on the ideological poisonthat lives on grotesquely in the face of the destruction it's created, it's so unremittingly strong that you wouldn't have blamed Rossellini in the least had he gone on to direct nothing but screwball comedies in its wake. But he didn't; instead he went about reinventing cinema again. I echo Dave's friendly call for Criterion to now set about presenting that work for us some time soon.
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